Math Games

small to large numbers (thousandths to billions)
• place value from thousandths to billions, operations with thousandths to billions
• numbers used in science, medicine, technology, and media
• compare, order, estimate

multiplication and division facts to 100 (developing computational fluency)
• mental math strategies (e.g., the double-double strategy to multiply 23 x 4)

order of operations with whole numbers
• includes the use of brackets, but excludes exponents
• quotients can be rational numbers

factors and multiples — greatest common factor and least common multiple
• prime and composite numbers, divisibility rules, factor trees, prime factor phrase (e.g., 300 = 22 x 3 x 52 )
• using graphic organizers (e.g., Venn diagrams) to compare numbers for common factors and common multiples

improper fractions and mixed numbers
• using benchmarks, number line, and common denominators to compare and order, including whole numbers
• using pattern blocks, Cuisenaire Rods, fraction strips, fraction circles, grids
• birchbark biting

introduction to ratios
• comparing numbers, comparing quantities, equivalent ratios
• part-to-part ratios and part-to-whole ratios

whole-number percents and percentage discounts
• using base 10 blocks, geoboard, 10x10 grid to represent whole number percents
• finding missing part (whole or percentage)
• 50% = 1/2 = 0.5 = 50:100

multiplication and division of decimals
• 0.125 x 3 or 7.2 ÷ 9
• using base 10 block array
• birchbark biting

increasing and decreasing patterns, using expressions, tables, and graphs as functional relationships
• limited to discrete points in the first quadrant
• visual patterning (e.g., colour tiles)
• Take 3 add 2 each time, 2n + 1, and 1 more than twice a number all describe the pattern 3, 5, 7, …
• graphing data on First Peoples language loss, effects of language intervention

one-step equations with whole-number coefficients and solutions
• preservation of equality (e.g., using a balance, algebra tiles)
• 3x = 12, x + 5 = 11

perimeter of complex shapes.
A complex shape is a group of shapes with no holes (e.g., use colour tiles, pattern blocks, tangrams).

area of triangles, parallelograms, and trapezoids
• grid paper explorations
• deriving formulas
• making connections between area of parallelogram and area of rectangle
• birchbark biting

angle measurement and classification
• straight, acute, right, obtuse, reflex
• constructing and identifying; include examples from local environment
• estimating using 45°, 90°, and 180° as reference angles
• angles of polygons
• Small Number stories: Small Number and the Skateboard Park (mathcatcher.irmacs.sfu.ca/stories)

volume and capacity
• using cubes to build 3D objects and determine their volume
• referents and relationships between units (e.g., cm3, m3, mL, L)
• the number of coffee mugs that hold a litre
• berry baskets, seaweed drying

triangles
• scalene, isosceles, equilateral
• right, acute, obtuse
• classified regardless of orientation

combinations of transformations
• plotting points on Cartesian plane using whole-number ordered pairs
• translation(s), rotation(s), and/or reflection(s) on a single 2D shape
• limited to first quadrant
• transforming, drawing, and describing image
• Use shapes in First Peoples art to integrate printmaking (e.g., Inuit, Northwest coastal First Nations, frieze work) (mathcentral.uregina.ca/RR/database/RR.09.01/mcdonald1/)

line graphs
• table of values, data set; creating and interpreting a line graph from a given set of data

single-outcome probability, both theoretical and experimental
• single-outcome probability events (e.g., spin a spinner, roll a die, toss a coin)
• listing all possible outcomes to determine theoretical probability
• comparing experimental results with theoretical expectation
• Lahal stick games

financial literacy — simple budgeting and consumer math
• informed decision making on saving and purchasing
• How many weeks of allowance will it take to buy a bicycle?